Blockchain-Based Security Solutions: A Review

Abstract

Blockchain technology has emerged as a transformative paradigm for enhancing security in distributed and decentralized systems. Originally designed to support cryptocurrencies, blockchain has evolved into a versatile platform capable of addressing critical security challenges such as data integrity, trust management, access control, and transparency. By leveraging cryptographic hashing, distributed consensus, immutability, and decentralization, blockchain-based security solutions offer promising alternatives to traditional centralized security mechanisms. This review paper presents a comprehensive analysis of blockchain-based security solutions, examining their fundamental principles, architectures, and applications across diverse domains. A detailed literature review of 25 scholarly sources is provided, followed by a comparative analysis of key blockchain security approaches. The paper further discusses challenges, limitations, and future research directions, highlighting the role of blockchain in shaping next-generation secure systems.