A Review of Technology Management Practices

Abstract

Technology management encompasses the set of processes, practices, and governance arrangements that enable organizations to acquire, develop, adopt, deploy, and retire technology in ways that create and sustain competitive advantage. As digitalization, platformization, and rapid innovation reshape markets, organizations must combine technical competence with managerial practices—R&D management, technology strategy, IT governance, open innovation, technology transfer, lifecycle and portfolio management, standards and interoperability, intellectual property (IP) management, cybersecurity, and sustainability-driven technology practices—to succeed. This review synthesizes theoretical foundations and empirical evidence on core technology management practices, compares strengths and limits, and highlights integrative approaches (e.g., ambidexterity, dynamic capabilities, and ERM-style technology governance) that improve outcomes. The paper concludes with practical guidance and future research priorities including AI-enabled technology governance, socio-technical resilience, and sustainability-aligned technology portfolios.