Review paper on Optimization of steel diagrid systems for lateral load resistance under seismic and wind conditions

Abstract

The diagrid structural system represents one of the most advanced and efficient structural innovations in the domain of modern high-rise construction. The term diagrid is derived from the words diagonal and grid, describing a triangulated network of diagonal members that work together to resist gravity as well as lateral loads such as wind and earthquake forces. The diagrid framework forms a rigid external skeleton that eliminates the necessity for traditional vertical columns and external shear walls, making it structurally efficient and architecturally distinctive.

Unlike conventional rigid frame or tube system where beams and columns primarily resist lateral forces through bending the diagrid system relies primarily on axial tension and compression in its diagonally arranged members. This shift from flexural to axial load behavior greatly enhances the material efficiency and overall stiffness of the structure. As a result, diagrid systems can achieve the same or higher lateral resistance with 20–30% less steel consumption compared to equivalent conventional systems.