Review paper on Topology optimization of steel braced frames to achieve minimum weight and maximum collapse resistance

Abstract

This study presents a topology optimization approach for steel braced frames aimed at achieving minimum structural weight while ensuring maximum resistance against progressive collapse. The optimization process integrates performance-based design principles with the Alternate Path Method (APM) to evaluate structural robustness under sudden column removal scenarios. Finite Element Models (FEM) of steel braced frames are developed using nonlinear static and dynamic analyses to assess the redistribution of loads, formation of alternate load paths, and energy dissipation mechanisms. The topology optimization algorithm identifies the optimal configuration and placement of braces that minimize material usage without compromising collapse resistance. Results demonstrate that the optimized bracing layout effectively reduces structural weight while maintaining or enhancing global robustness, offering a reliable and efficient design framework for modern steel structures subjected to accidental or extreme events.