A Hybrid Thermoelectric Battery Cooling System: Integration of TEG and TEC for Enhanced Performance and Sustainability

Abstract

The increasing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and renewable energy systems has intensified the need for efficient battery thermal management. Excessive battery heat generation leads to performance degradation, reduced lifespan, and safety hazards. Traditional cooling methods, such as liquid and air cooling, are often bulky, energy-intensive, and costly. This study explores a hybrid Thermoelectric Generator (TEG) and Thermoelectric Cooler (TEC) system as an innovative approach to battery cooling. TEG modules convert waste heat into electrical energy, which powers TEC modules to regulate battery temperature using the Peltier effect. This self-sustaining system enhances cooling efficiency, reduces energy loss, and extends battery life without relying on refrigerants or moving parts. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of this thermoelectric-based cooling system in maintaining optimal battery temperatures, improving safety, and increasing energy efficiency. Future research will focus on optimizing thermoelectric materials and scaling the system for larger battery applications.