Generation of Electricity from Municipal Solid Waste: A Design and Experimental Investigation

Abstract

The disposal of municipal solid waste (MSW) presents a major environmental challenge globally, leading to pollution and resource depletion. This study addresses this issue by designing, constructing, and testing a small-scale waste-to-energy (WtE) model that converts dry municipal solid waste into electrical energy. The system comprises a combustion chamber, an integrated boiler system, a compact steam turbine, and an electric generator. Experimental trials were conducted using different waste categories (wood waste, domestic waste, and mixed waste) to evaluate system performance parameters such as steam pressure, steam flow velocity, turbine speed, and voltage output. The results demonstrate the practical feasibility of harnessing energy from non-recyclable dry waste, offering a sustainable alternative to conventional waste disposal and contributing to renewable energy production.