A Comparative Review of LEED and GRIHA Green Building Rating Systems

Abstract

As the global demand for sustainable construction practices increases, green building certification systems like LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) and GRIHA (Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment) play a critical role in shaping the built environment. While both systems aim to reduce environmental impact, their methodologies, focus areas, and contextual relevance differ significantly. This paper presents a comparative review of LEED and GRIHA, analyzing their rating structures, implementation mechanisms, environmental performance, and adaptability. Through literature synthesis and case study evaluation, the study highlights the strengths and limitations of both systems and proposes pathways for integration and improvement. The findings suggest that while LEED offers scalability and global recognition, GRIHA excels in regional applicability and climate responsiveness. Together, they provide valuable frameworks for sustainable development, particularly in emerging economies like India.