Energy Efficient Cluster based Hierarchical Routing Protocols in Wireless Sensor Network – a Survey

Abstract

Nowadays, wireless sensor networks have developed into a popular domain owing to their extensive variety of applications. Many aspects determine the survivability and lifetime of wireless sensor networks. Energy consumption is one of the biggest restraints of wireless sensor nodes, and these limitations, combined with the characteristic operation of a large number of nodes, introduce several challenges in the design and management of wireless sensor networks. Existing systems state that one of the most effective ways to conserve energy is through clustering and cluster head election using various techniques. The provision of energy to sensor nodes remains the primary obstacle in the development of sensor nodes, especially for typical remote environmental monitoring. This survey highlights power-saving and energy-optimization techniques in wireless sensor networks and enhances available methods to save energy. In this paper, a detailed study of the resources used, modified protocols, and changes in medium access control for energy optimization techniques is provided to promote power saving in wireless sensor networks.