Energy Management System in Hybrid Electric Vehicle with Hydrogen Fuel Cell

Abstract

The construction of a simulation model for the Energy Management (EM) of an Electric Vehicle (EV) hybrid traction drive based on fuel cells and lithium batteries in the MATLAB Simulink software environment is the focus of this paper. Battery and hybrid traction drive application topologies are taken into consideration. A traction drive model has been developed, where a fuel cell (FC) with a proton exchange membrane (PEM) serves as the primary energy source and a high-power buffer storage unit (BSU) based on a lithium-ion battery smoothens out the uneven transport load. Reduced to a ton of vehicle weight, the reliance of the necessary BSU capacity on the power of the primary source was found. This led to the determination of the ideal range of hybrid power plant characteristics (FC power from 5 to 11 kW/t, Lithium-Ion battery capacity from 6 to 10 Ah/t) when operating in accordance with the WLTC load cycle. In this instance, the period of included state of FC was 94.53%, and the computed fuel consumption was 0.56 kg/km-t.