Design and Development of Coil Over Spring Suspension for Differential Drive Electric 3-Wheelers

Abstract

This paper presents a comprehensive review of coil-over spring suspension systems and their suitability for electric three-wheeler vehicles with a rear differential configuration. The objective is to analyze existing literature on coil springs, coil-over shock absorbers, and their structural and dynamic performance to determine their advantages, limitations, and potential adaptations for electric three-wheelers. Studies indicate that coil-over suspensions offer improved ride comfort, stability, and tunability compared to conventional leaf-spring setups. The review also highlights optimization methods, fatigue analyses, and regenerative technologies that can be integrated with coil-over systems for enhanced efficiency in electric vehicles.