Multi Functions Agriculture Car

Abstract

This project presents the design and implementation of a smart multipurpose agricultural robot capable of performing soil moisture detection, automatic irrigation, seeding, and grass cutting operations. The robot moves autonomously in a straight path of approximately one meter, halts, and deploys a moisture sensor using a servo motor to analyse soil conditions. Based on the moisture level, the system activates a relay-controlled mini water pump for irrigation if the soil is dry, or skips watering if it is adequately moist. A seeder mechanism, driven by an SG90 servo motor, releases a single seed after each moisture check. Simultaneously, a grass cutter motor operates continuously during the robot’s movement, ensuring efficient trimming. The system is powered by an Arduino Uno microcontroller, interfaced with an L298N motor driver for precise motor control and servos for actuation. The robot autonomously repeats the process in a loop, optimizing manual labour in small-scale farming. This low- cost, energy-efficient model demonstrates automation in agriculture by integrating sensing, irrigation, and planting mechanisms within a compact robotic platform.