IoT-Based Systems for Enhancing Women's Safety

Abstract

The safety of women is a critical societal issue of global concern, with alarmingly high rates of violence and harassment reported worldwide. In response, the technology sector has begun leveraging the Internet of Things (IoT) to develop innovative safety solutions. This study presents a systematic survey of existing IoT-based systems designed to enhance women's safety. The primary objective is to analyse the state-of-the-art by examining core technologies such as the Global Positioning System (GPS) and Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM), the integration of physiological and motion sensors, the design of wearable form factors, and the emerging application of machine learning for automated threat detection. Our review identified several prevalent research gaps, most notably a heavy reliance on manual activation mechanisms, which may be impractical in a real emergency. This survey concludes by highlighting promising future research directions, including the integration of advanced artificial intelligence, sophisticated voice recognition systems, and multi-sensor fusion to create more accurate, automated, and accessible safety devices.