PVA/GO Based Polymer Electrolytes for Fuel Cell Application

Abstract

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/graphene oxide (GO)-based polymer electrolytes have gained considerable attention for fuel cell applications due to their promising combination of mechanical strength, flexibility, and enhanced ionic conductivity. PVA, a hydrophilic polymer with excellent film-forming ability and chemical stability, serves as an ideal host matrix. The incorporation of GO, with its high surface area and oxygen-containing functional groups, improves proton transport pathways, increases water retention, and enhances the overall conductivity of the composite electrolyte. These characteristics are critical for effective proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), where efficient ion transport and thermal stability are essential for high performance and durability. Various synthesis techniques, including solution casting and crosslinking, are employed to optimize the PVA/GO membrane structure. Experimental results have demonstrated that increasing GO content up to an optimal level leads to significant improvements in ionic conductivity, thermal stability, and mechanical properties without compromising membrane integrity. Additionally, PVA/GO membranes exhibit good chemical resistance and low fuel permeability, making them a viable alternative to conventional Nafion-based membranes. The
development of cost-effective, environmentally friendly PVA/GO polymer electrolytes holds significant potential for advancing next generation fuel cell technologies aimed at sustainable energy solutions. Fuel Cell Fuel cells are devices that convert chemical energy directly into electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction—without combustion. The most common fuel used is hydrogen, which reacts with oxygen (typically from air) to produce electricity, water, and a small amount of heat.